Title

Bottle Bash

Broad Questions

Will an empty bottle effect a brain more than a full bottle?

or

Will an empty glass bottle effect the impact of a brain more than a full glass bottle?

Specific Question

Will a empty glass bottle have more force than a full bottle?

Hypothesis

It is Hypothesized that an empty bottle will have a larger force than a full bottle.

Graph of Hypothesis

Variables

Empty bottle, Full bottle,

Independent Variable:

Bottle Contents

Dependent Variable:

Force

Variables That Need To Be Controlled:

The weight if the bottles are full or empty.

The speed the bottle is swung at.

The point of which the arm is pulled back to.

The weight of the jello.

Chilling temperature of the Jello.

Vocabulary List That Needs Explanation

"Rig"-the contraption that swung the bottles at the jello brain.

Empty Bottles- Glass bottles that are empty.

Full Bottles-Glass bottles that are full of root beer.

2x4x8 (2x4)- a piece of dimentional lumber that is 2 inches thick, 4 inches across, and 8 feet long.

Dowel- A cylinder piece of wood thats about 3 feet long.

Vice Grips- A pair of pliers that can be adjusted to hold different sized objects.

Plastic- Contractor grade see through plastic.

Cross PVC pipe- A plastic tube that is in the shape of a cross and has four different tubes connecting it.

Cup Hook- A hook that has a hole in the middle and can have another hook attached to it.

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General Plan

General Plan- What: An experiment was conducted to see if empty bottles can cause more force , than a full bottle. This experiment was conducted at school, but there where hazard concerns. A “rig” was built that pulled the bottle towards the “brain”(accelerometer) . The independent variable was the bottles contents . An accelerometer was used to measure the Newton's when the bottle hit the “brain”.

Potential Problems And Solutions

Problems: broken glass, root beer splatter, broken objects
Solution: plastic cover/room, (Mr.Douglass nicely offered the plastic, to make the room), safety glasses

Safety Or Environmental Concerns

Broken glass, root beer splatter, broken objects

Experimental Design

(add the correct headings from the experimental design page before beginning)

Resources and Budget Table

Material	amount	where to get	cost
2x4x8/wood	4	Lowes	$2.45 ea
3 in. star bit screws	1 box	Lowes	$6.58
spring	1	Lowes	$5.67
1 ¼ in. dowel	3	Lowes	$3.78
cross PVC pipe	1	Lowes	$1.99
cup hook	2	home	$0
Vice grips	1	home	$0

Plasticjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj

lotshhhh

Mr.Douglassjjjj

Donated

Experiment:

Jello Packets	36 (18 red, 18 pink)	Hannaford’s	$35.64
root beer bottles	12 (2 cases)	Hannaford’s	$12.38
water	216 ounces	home	$0
scales	1	home bakery	$0

Data Table

Time Line

February 25th build contraption,

March 7th build plastic room March 9th 2012 start conducting experiments. If approved. March 16th finish up experiment, pictures March 23rd all observations and evidence due. March 25th start writing up results and conclusions April 6th application deadline May 10th MWV regional science/ tech fair

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Background Research

Newton’s laws of motion

• there are three laws

• First law: The velocity of a body remains constant unless the body is acted upon by an external force.

• Second law: The acceleration a of a body is parallel and directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass , i.e., F = ma.

• Third law: The mutual forces of action and reaction between two bodies are equal, opposite and collinear.

• the three laws were first compiled by Sir Isaac Newton in his book Philosophiee Naturalis Principia Mathematica

• First law aften refered to as the Law of Inertia.

References

"Bottle Bash ." Mythbusters . Netflix. 1 Dec. 2001. Television.

"Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_

Detailed Procedure

Procedure: To Build The “Rig”

Extremely dangerous skull fractures, concussions, scalp lacerations, all possible injuries in this type of environment, myth busters found that full bottles gave more force than the empty bottles.

1. , You will be using power tools, if you are not fimilar with a chop saw and drill or other power tools, make sure that you have parental guidance, or a guardian to help you Take a 2x4 (that is 8 feet long) and cut it into two 3 foot pieces( label them, so you know where they go) take the rest of the 2x4 and measure out and make sure that it is 2 feet (if it is not a 2 foot piece than you cut the 3 foot piece wrong). On the other 2x4 measure out 2 foot increments, all along the 2x4. cut them out (you should get four, 2 foot pieces of 2x4) take the third 2x4 and cut out two more 3 foot pieces, with the left over 2 foot piece stack it with the other 2 footers. take the fourth 2x4 and cut out one more 2 foot piece, (you should have five 2 footers)

2. Lay out the first two 3 foot pieces so they are parallel to each other, take two of the 2 foot pieces and lay them on the ends of the the 3 footers. the 2 footers should be inside the 3 foot pieces. (Make sure that they are laying on the smaller side so that the 4in part of the 2x4 is facing in and out.) Screw the 3 footers to the 3 footers, just use one screw, to secure the pieces, to make sure that the pieces form a rectangle. Screw in a second screw to finish the base frame.

3. Take the fourth of of the 2 footers and put then on the corners of the base frame than use a level to make sure that they are strait up. Screw the pieces in with one screw in each piece of wood. take the last two, 3 footers and screw them to the out side of the four 2 footers, make sure that they are level.

4. Drill a 1 ¼ hole in each of the top 3 footers one foot from the back of the rig. Take one of the dowels and thread it half way through the 1 ¼ hole. slip the PVC cross section on to the dowel, slide the rest of the dowel through the other hole, and center the PVC cross section. Drill holes about ½ an inch away from the 2x4 piece, and put nails in the holes so that the dowel does not move, do the same for the other side, to secure the PVC section, drill holes and put nails in the hole so that it does not move . Take the second dowel and cut a ½ a foot off. this will be the arm. Put the back end of the dowel into the cross section PVC pipe and screw it in to the other dowel through the back. take two cup hooks and screw one into the the arm dowel and the other in to the piece of 2x4 below it. hook the spring to each of them and test the strength. Duct take a ONE part of the handle of the vice grips to the dowel, (make sure that the vice grips are thouroly secured) make sure that you can fit the neck of a glass bottle in the teeth of the grips. This should concluded the building of the “rig”.

5. To build the plastic room, you need construction grade clear plastic, a roll or two of duct tape, 20 bull dog clips and 5-6 yard sticks. Take the bulldog clips and clap them into the ceiling in the size of the room you want the room, cut foot long pieces of string, you need about 15 separate pieces of string. Tie 2 pieces of string to each yard stick, and tie the yards stick to the bulldog clips to being the wall. take the desired amount of clear plastic and cut it into the length that you need. unfold the plastic (most of the clear plastics comes folded up) and lay it out to see how much there is. Take one end of the plastic and bring it up to the first yard stick, “wrap” the plastic around the yard stick ad secure with a strip of duct tape, secure it in several places along the yard stick. Continue to “wrap” and secure the clear plastic to each yard stick. After finishing the securing process, tape the clear plastic to the floor with the duct tape. After securing the walls to the floor, cut a piece of plastic that will make up the plastic “protection” floor. tape that into place and you are done.

6. collect supplies and materials besides those that correspond with the "rig".

7. Hang contractor plastic from the ceiling by using string, bulldog clips, yard sticks, and duct tape. Place more contractor plastic on the floor.

8. Take crates of jello buckets, "rig", and video inside plastic room

9. Setup the "Datastudio" computer program and passport force measure.

10. Wrap accelerometer in plastic bag and duct tape

11. Place accelerometer in the center of the jello.

12. Put the bucket of jello in front of the "rig" arm

13. Attach root beer bottle to vice grips

14. setup video camera on tripod, focus on jello bucket

15. turn camera on

16. start computer program trial

17. pull back arm of rig to consistent point

18. stop computer program trial

19. turn off camera

20. repeat process 4 more times with empty bottle

21. repeat process 5 more times with full bottle

Photo List

"the rig"

the plastic room

all the jello

making red jello

freezer

the accelerometer

the program

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Results

The full bottle produced a larger force than the empty bottle, when the data was collected the X and Y axis' were added (basically the two different ways the accelerometer moves back and forth). The full bottle total trials results were 35.6, 26.1, 63.4, 15.3,and 17.2N. The empty bottle total trials results were 38.3,19.8, 8.1, 43.5, 29.2, and 27.78N.The total average results of the full bottle was 31.52, the total average for the empty bottle was 27.78.

All Raw Data

Graphs

Photos

Setting up the video camera

The Jello!!!!

accelerometer in jello

Jax checking the spring

Squamscot rootbeer bottles

Datastudio computer program

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Data Analysis

Conclusion

It is hypothesized that a empty bottle will produce a larger concussion than a full bottle. In this experiment the results show that the theory is incorrect, the full bottle produced a concussion, and the empty bottle produced lighter concussion. If this experiment was to be repeated, it would be changed by doing more background research before the experiment would be started.

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Discussion

The question to this science experiment was will a full glass bottle have less force than an empty glass bottle. This experiment question was answered using a highly sensitive accelerometer computer program. The accelerometer was placed in the jello brain to measure the impact in Newtons, from Newton’s laws of motion. From this it was found that the full bottles had more of an impact on the brain. The empty bottle was short about four Newtons.

It was hypothesised that the empty bottles would create more of an impact on the brain. The results however proved that it was the full bottles that have more of an impact on the brain. This theory was disproved by the research and the results. In the research it was found the theory had already been tested and disproved. The rig that swung the bottle was a rough replica of the following rig built in a previous experiment. A pattern was found in the data for full bottle X axis, the number would increase in newtons and then fall behind, it did this three times in five trials. The relationship between the full glass bottle and the arm swing is based on mass, density, and weight. A strong cause and effect was shown, the fuller the bottle is, the harder the swing.

Problems seemed quite constant and unimaginable yet some were just the opposite. The first problem and solution was damage to the space the experiment took place because of broken glass and root beer splatter. The solution was to build a four millimeter plastic room held together by clips, meter sticks, and duct tape. More unimaginable and unexpected problems occurred, the most problematic was where that the vice grips broke the bottle, and opened the cap of the full bottle. The solution to this problem was to take away the vice grips and duct tape each individual bottle to the arm of the rig.

This experiment used a highly sensitive accelerometer, this was placed in the jello brain and then the accelerometer was able to record data, right after the arm of the rig was pulled back and released, and hit the brain. This data would be beneficial in concussion research, and the damage done to the brain by a large hit to the head. In many sports, like football and boxing, large hits to the head are sustained repetitively. Though this experiment was not the study of repetitive hits to the head, it shows the possible damage done in a fight. It also shows the possible damage done to a brain from a moving object .

Abstract

It is hypothesised that a empty bottle will produce a larger concussion than a full bottle. In this experiment the results show that the theory is incorrect, the full bottle produced a concussion, and the empty bottle produced lighter concussion. If this experiment was to be repeated, it would be changed by doing more background research before the experiment would be started. This experiment was a very fun but complicated. It was expected to be more free than we expected. While deciding on the right project to conduct it sounded simpler than it was. This experiment produced large amounts of knowledge and mess.